Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are essential to initiate an immune response to ward an infection. The current study sought to examine the correlation between Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs) and the expression of the TLR4 gene (896A/G) concerning the risk and prognosis of acute leukemia in Erbil Province, as well as to evaluate the influence of bacterial infections on serum TLR4 levels and associated gene polymorphisms in patients diagnosed with acute leukemia.
Serum TLR4 levels were markedly elevated in patients with acute leukemia, particularly in those with ALL. Post-treatment study revealed a substantial reduction in TLR4 levels in AML; however, the decrease was not statistically significant in ALL. Additionally, bacterial infection before and after chemotherapy exhibited no significant correlation with TLR4 expression. Gene polymorphism analysis indicated no significant connection between the TLR4 (A/G) genotype allele and leukemia risk. Serum levels of TLR4 were elevated in acute leukemia patients, particularly in ALL, and diminished following treatment in AML. The infection state exhibited negligible impact, and no substantial correlation was identified between TLR4, genotypes, and disease risk, but the A allele may merit additional investigation.