مراجعة: تطور تطبیقات الاشعة تحت الحمراء فی المجال الطبی

نوع المقالة : مراجعه

المؤلف

قسم الفیزیاء الحیاتیة، کلیة العلوم، جامعة الموصل، الموصل، العراق.

الملخص

الهدف من الدراسة هو إثبات أن التصویر بالأشعة تحت الحمراء یمکن استخدامه کمرحلة قائمة بذاتها بالإضافة إلى المراقبة الصحیة والتقییم الطبی. یتطلب تقدم تقنیات الأشعة تحت الحمراء فی المجال الطبی بشکل عام، وتطبیقات سرطان الثدی بشکل خاص، مراجعة هذا الموضوع. بدأ الاستخدام الطبی للتصویر الحراری بالأشعة تحت الحمراء فی ألمانیا بعد فترة وجیزة من عام 1950، حیث تم عرض الصورة الحراریة الوحیدة للأفراد المصابین قبل فترة طویلة (1928). تم استخدام کاشفات الأشعة تحت الحمراء المفردة فی البدایة. لفترة طویلة، سرعان ما تم التقاط کامیرات التصویر الحراری من العملیات القتالیة من دقة منخفضة (حراریة ولیست مکانیة) وقیمة منتج عالیة بشکل غیر عادی. بالإضافة إلى ذلک، انخفاض قیمة أجهزة الکمبیوتر المحمول ومضارب قیمة البرمجیات. منذ عام 1980 تقریبًا، أصبحت التکنولوجیا المناسبة الطبیة الأفضل متاحة على نطاق مزدوج حراری ساخن، أصبحت عملیات المرفق التفضیلی الجزئی (FPA) أکثر قابلیة للوصول، خاصة أجهزة المسح الضوئی MCT المبردة LN2 ثم استخدمت على نطاق واسع بعد عام 2000، وقد تم استخدامها على نطاق واسع فی الطب، على الرغم من بعض المنهجیة. مخاوف تؤدی إلى سوء تفسیر طبی. حصلت عملیات التصویر الحراری الطبی الفردی على شهادة فی عام 2007، مما یسمح باستخدامها کأدوات طبیة للقیاس الحراری. اتباع اللوائح الصحیة الأوروبیة. یحظر استخدام الأدوات الأخرى التی لیس لدیها شهادة صحیة CE لأن التصویر غیر مسموح به. وظائف القیاس التی لا تُستخدم لتسجیل درجة الحرارة. یمکن استخدام التصویر الطبی المؤهل بالأشعة تحت الحمراء لمجموعة متنوعة من الأغراض: أمراض الروماتیزم وجراحة العظام، ومنطقة الثدی الأنثویة التی تحتوی على حساس للجهد الحراری لقیاس الإشعاع الحراری، وطب الأعصاب، والتصویر القلبی (تجلط الأوعیة الدمویة المتأرجح)، والاختبارات المعملیة، والإجراءات الجراحیة، واستکمال الجسم تصویر.

الكلمات الرئيسة

الموضوعات


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