Kirkuk University Journal-Scientific Studies

Two biolit areas were selected within different climatic conditions in northern Iraq (Kurdistan region). Four pedons located in Ibraheemawa and five pedon in Salehaga areas. The two locationswere used for rain feed crop production. The two areas was covered with a detailed soil survey . Mapping units were obtained from Al-Agidi proposed soil classification at the series level for the Iraqi alluvial & zonal soils.Nine pedons representing the most extensive dominant soil series within the two locations were selected. A complete soil characterization was made for each soil series which include, PSD, ECe, Lime, O.M, active lime, PH, C.E.C, B.S.P, and C.E. to reveal their genesis (formations & development). Characterization was made preceded by morphological studies .The results show that a great effects of climatic conditions on the status of soil development reflected by horizons type , soil thickness and type of diagnostic horizons including surface and sub surface horizons . Also the results clearly showed the effects of climatic conditions on the amount and pattern of distribution for most soil components .The studied pedons at Ibrahimawa region were more developed than those at Salehaga region due to the difference in climatic conditions.

The experiment was conducted at Al-Haweja / Governorate of Karkuk during the season 2004 using ten varieties of cotton (Coker310, Lachata, Halab90, Halab33, Deer22, Nazley87, Montana, SP8886, Stonvill474 and Stonvill887. The varieties planted at mid April using Randomized Complete Block Design with three replications in two farms, the first under surface irrigation and the second under sprinkler irrigation using fixed system. The results showed:
Highly significant differences among varieties under the two irrigation methods, combining analysis showed highly significant differences between the two irrigation methods for all characters except boll weight, while the differences among varieties were significant for all studied characters. The interaction between the two factors was significant for number of vegetative branches and number of nodes to first flower branch , the surface irrigation method exceeded the sprinkler one for the most characters, the variety Montana exceeded the others for the most characters, the seed cotton yield showed significant positive correlations with plant height, number of flowering branches, number of bolls, boll weight and significant negative with number of vegetative branches and number of nodes to first flower branch under the two irrigation methods and their average, path coefficient analysis showed that number of bolls per plant had highest direct and indirect effects on seedcotton yield and can be used in breeding programs to improve seedcotton yield.